Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Mapcon Mapping Publication_Date: Unknown Title: DEM Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Online_Linkage: \\Mayne\data\Mapcon\Projects\070142\Photogrammetry\Final\DGN\3205560.dgn Description: Abstract: A terrain surface was captured and displayed through the capture of a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) composed of breaklines and mass points. Breaklines are three-dimensional linestrings digitized along significant breaks, or changes in the topography, such as ridges, drains, retaining walls, cliffs, highway cuts and fills, and sharp slope changes. Crowns of roads and railroads as well as streams, lakes and other such features can also be collected as breakline features. Soft breaklines may also be captured from the top to bottom of a hill. Mass points represent terrain elevations for ground positions at regularly spaced horizontal intervals on the earth's surface. Mass points will be collected from the stereo imagery under complete control of a photogrammetric technician.. Exclusion boundaries are set up to constrain or suppress terrain modeling in regions of common elevations such as lakes. DEM data was compiled such that it meets accuracy requirement of 1.5 meters vertically. The DEM was cut to match the desired 5x5 km tiling scheme found on the Manitoba Land Information website. Purpose: Manitoba is developing a new ortho photography program to enhance its land and resource analysis capabilities. Good land information is part of Manitoba's information infrasture and is a service that is essential for substainable development, resource management and related business decision making. Manitoba's current ortho photography is very old and in need of replacment. This new initiative will in part assist Manitoba in sutstaqining a mapping base level for the Province. Manitoba Department of Conservation requires the complete acquisition of new, large format digital orthophotography for both southern and northern areas of the Province. A delivery program to accomplish this has been scheduled to occur over a period of five (5) years commencing April 1, 2007. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: September 02, 2007 Time_of_Day: 2:30pm Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: In work Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Quarterly Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: REQUIRED: Western-most coordinate of the limit of coverage expressed in longitude. East_Bounding_Coordinate: REQUIRED: Eastern-most coordinate of the limit of coverage expressed in longitude. North_Bounding_Coordinate: REQUIRED: Northern-most coordinate of the limit of coverage expressed in latitude. South_Bounding_Coordinate: REQUIRED: Southern-most coordinate of the limit of coverage expressed in latitude. Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: DEM Theme_Keyword: DEM Access_Constraints: REQUIRED: Restrictions and legal prerequisites for accessing the data set. Use_Constraints: REQUIRED: Restrictions and legal prerequisites for using the data set after access is granted. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Alan Dakin Contact_Organization: Geomanitoba Contact_Position: Data Warehouse coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 1007 Century St. City: Winnipeg State_or_Province: Manitoba Country: Canada Contact_Voice_Telephone: 204-945-6652 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 204-945-1365 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: fwahl@gov.mb.ca Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.0.1324 Data_Quality_Information: Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 1.5 meters Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 1.5 meters Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Scale_Denominator: 1:40,000 Type_of_Source_Media: DMC camera Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: September 02, 2007 Beginning_Time: 2:30pm Ending_Date: October 24, 2008 Ending_Time: 5:19pm Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: DMC Serial Number: DMC01-0047 Process_Step: Process_Description: A terrain surface can be captured and displayed through the capture of a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) composed of breaklines and mass points. Breaklines are three-dimensional linestrings digitized along significant breaks, or changes in the topography, such as ridges, drains, retaining walls, cliffs, highway cuts and fills, and sharp slope changes. Crowns of roads and railroads as well as streams, lakes and other such features can also be collected as breakline features. Soft breaklines may also be captured from the top to bottom of a hill. Mass points represent terrain elevations for ground positions at regularly spaced horizontal intervals on the earth's surface. Mass points will be collected from the stereo imagery under complete control of a photogrammetric technician.. Exclusion boundaries are set up to constrain or suppress terrain modeling in regions of common elevations such as lakes. The next stage in the process of generating a terrain model involves creation of a Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) as a check on the accuracy of the DEM. The TIN model represents the terrain surface as a set of contiguous, non-overlapping triangles. The vertices of each triangle are comprised of mass points and the triangle surface is represented by a plane. The TIN model is attractive because of its simplicity and economy of data storage and processing. During TIN generation, breaklines constrain the triangles, thus preserving in the surface model the essential features represented by the breakline, be it a ridge, cliff edge or embankment. Creation of the TIN surface serves to verify that the collected DEM accurately captures the characteristics of the terrain surface. The TIN file will then be used to generate an ESRI Grid file, which can subsequently be used to generate contours, shaded-relief imagery, and other 3D modeling uses. We have also developed a process to QC the DEM using the control points from the AT process, as well as surveyed control points. The AT process produces thousands of control points, which can be compared to the DEM surface to determine any differences in vertical elevation. Where significant differences occur, they serve to highlight the need for a photogrammetrist to manually inspect the area to determine if any changes have occurred, and make corrections as necessary. This automated comparison process makes it easy for us to determine if any problem areas exist, and focus on making any necessary corrections to ensure the final orthophotos are positionally accurate. DEM data will be compiled such that it meets accuracy requirements specified in the RFP (1.5 meters vertically). 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